2012년 11월 17일 토요일
2012년 11월 6일 화요일
불교 용어 영문 및 범어
불교의 주요 단어 영문 및
범어
- 가 -
교무:
catechist
교무스님:
catechist
교수 아사리: ordination catechist
가사(袈裟) :robe
간경(看經) : textual study.
간화선(看話禪) : Koan meditation.
갈마 아사리: confessor, procedual specialist
강백:
lecturer
강원(講院) : lecture hall
객실(客室): guest room
(객진)번뇌(客塵煩惱) : defilement
거사(居士) : male devotee
겁(劫) : aeon, kalpa
결가부좌(結跏趺坐) : lotus posture
결제:
retreat
결집(結集) : council
경(經) : Sutra. Buddhist scriptures. Buddhist canon.
경장(經藏) : sutra pitaka
계(戒) : precept, sila
계(界) : realm. world
계단:
ordination platform
고(苦) : suffering
고승(高僧) : A illustrious monk
고제(苦諦) : The noble truth of suffering
고행(苦行) : ascetic practice
공(空) : emptiness
공덕(功德) : merit
공안(公案) : koan/ kongan
공양(供養) : offering
공양의식:
offering ceremony
과거칠불(過去七佛) : seven Buddhas of the past
과보(果報)/업보 : karmic result
관세음보살(觀世音菩薩) : Avalokitesvara, Bodhisattva of
compassion
관음전(觀音殿) : hall of the Bodhisattva of compassion
교(敎) : The doctrinal teaching
교리(敎理) : doctrine
교종(敎宗) : The doctrinal School
구경각(究竟覺) : final awakening
구산(九山) : nine mountains
국보(國寶) : national treasure
국사(國師) : national preceptor. national master.
극락(極樂) : pure land of Amitabha
극락전(極樂殿) : Amitabha hall
금강경(金剛經) : Diamond sutra
금당(金堂) : Buddha Hall
금동(金銅) : gilt-bronze
깨달음 :
Awakening The Enlightenment
- 나 -
나찰(羅刹) : evil ghost
나한(羅漢) : Arahat, Attained One
나한전(羅漢殿) : Hall of the Arahat
논(論) : canon, Abhidharma
논장(論藏) : canon pitaka Abhidharma pitaka
농감스님 : farmer monk
- 다 -
도감 :
provost
다도(茶道) : tea ceremony.
다포 :
multiple brackets
다라니(陀羅尼) : dharani
단경(壇經) : The platform sutra
단주(短珠) : beads/ rosary
단청(丹靑) : cosmic design/ Red and blue
달마대사(達磨大師) : Bodhidharma.
닫집 :
canopy.
당간(幢竿) : A flag pole
당간지주(幢竿支柱) : flag pole supporter
대세지보살(大勢至菩薩) : Bodhisattva of power/
Mahastamparapta
대승불교(大乘佛敎) : The great vehicle, Mahayana Buddhism
대웅전(大雄殿) : dharma hall. Buddha hall
대장경(大藏經) : tripitaka
대중울력 : group work
덕(德) : virtue
도(道) : The way. leading to the cessation of suffering
독성(獨聖) : hermit sage/recluse
독성각(獨聖閣) : hall of the hermit sage
돈법(頓法) : The doctrine of sudden awakening
돈오(頓悟) : sudden awakening
돈오돈수(頓悟頓修) : sudden awakening-sudden cultivation
돈오점수(頓悟漸修) : sudden awakening-gradual cultivation
동안거(冬安居) : winter retreat season.
등(燈) : lantern
- 마 -
만다라(蔓茶羅) : mandala.
만자(卍字) : The Swastika (the symbol of good fortune)
마지 :
rice offering to the Buddha
망상(妄想) : delusions
멸(滅) : cessation
명등스님 : lamplighter
명부전(冥府殿) : hall of judgement of the dead
명색(名色) : name and formation
목어(木魚) : wooden fish
목탁(木鐸) : Moktak/ wooden clacker. hallow wood block.
무명(無明) : ignorance
무상(無常) : impermanent
무색계(無色界) : formless world
무심(無心) : no-mind
무아(無我) : no-self
묵언(黙言) : holy silence, no
speaking
문수보살(文殊菩薩) : Manjusuri, Bodhisattva of Wisdom
문자(文字) : words
미륵(彌勒) : Maitreya. The Buddha of the future.
밀교(密敎) : Esoteric Buddhism, Vajrayana.
- 바 -
바라밀(婆羅蜜) : perfection, paramita
바랑 :
Barang/backpack.
반가부좌(半跏趺坐) : half lotus posture
반야(般若) : wisdom
반야심경(般若心經) : The Heart Sutra.
발우(鉢盂) : wooden bowls.
발우공양(鉢盂供養) : formal meal.
방부:
formal introduction
방생(放生) : release of living beings/ animal-outing
방장(方丈) : zen master
방장스님 : Son Master
방편 :
skillful means
백장청규 : Pure Rules of Pai-Chang
번뇌(煩惱) : defilements.
법(法) : Dharma
법고(法鼓) : temple drum, dharma drum
법구(法具) : Dharma instrument.
법당(法堂) : Buddha hall, Dharma hall
법당 :
shrine hall
법랍 :
seniority
법랍순서 : seniority order
법랍이 가장 오래된 승려 : seniormost monk
법맥(法脈) : Dharma lineage
법명(法名) : Dharma name
법문(法門) : Dharma talk
법성(法性) : Buddha's nature. nature of beings
법신(法身) : dharma body. nature of Buddha's mind. truth.
법호 :
Dharma-protector
법화경(法華經) : Lotus Sutra
벽화(壁畵) : wall painting
별채 :
separate compound
보리(菩提) : Enlightenment
보리수(菩提樹) : bodhi tree
보리심(菩提心) : the thought of Enlightenment
보살(菩薩) : bodhisattva
보살계 :
Bodhisattva-precepts
보시(布施) : generosity/ charity/ giving
보신(報身) : reward body
보현보살(普賢菩薩) : bodhisattva of compassion
본사(本寺) : head temple.
본성(本性) : one's original nature
부도(浮屠) : stupa/pagoda
분별(分別) : discrimination
분신 :
self-imolation
불(佛) : Buddha. The Enlightened One.
불공(佛供) : offering
불교교단(佛敎敎團) : sangha.
불교의식(佛敎儀式) : Buddhist ritual
불교종단(佛敎宗團) : Buddhist Order
불교학(佛敎學) : Buddhist Studies. study of Buddhism
불기(佛紀) : Buddhist Era(B.E.)
불보사찰 : Buddha-jewel monastery
불상(佛像) : Buddha statue/ Buddha image
불성(佛性) : Buddha nature
불이문(不二門) : Gate of non-duality.
불전함(佛錢函) : donation box
불제자(佛弟子) : disciples of the Buddha
불탄일(佛誕日) : Buddha's birthday.
비구(比丘) : monk. Bhikku
비구계 수계식 : full ordination
비구니(比丘尼) : nun. Bhikkuni.
비로자나불(毘盧 那佛) : Viroccana. the cosmic Buddha
비석(碑石) : stela/ memorial stone
비유(比喩) : parables.
- 사 -
사(寺) : temple. monastery
사구(死句) : dead phrase
사경(寫經) : copying Sutra
사대(四大) : The four elements ---> earth, water, fire, wind.
사리(舍利) : relics/ ashes
사리불(舍利佛) : Sariputra
사리탑(舍利塔) : relics stupa
사무량심(四無量心) : The four immeasurables.
1)loving-kindness 2)compassion 3)sympathetic joy 4)equanimity.
사미(沙彌) : novice
사미계 :
novice precepts
사미승 :
prospective ordinand
사미율의 : the Sramanera Rules and Decorum
사성제(四聖諦) : The Four Noble Truth
1) suffering, 2) cause of suffering, 3) cessation, 4) the path of cessation
사천왕 :
four heavenly kings/supernal Dharma-protector
사천왕문(四天王門) : gate of the four Heavenly Kings (Four Guardians)
사판승 :
monk on the support staff of the monastery/ support monk
사홍서원(四弘誓願) : Four Great Vows
1) I vow to save all beings.
2) I
vow to end all sufferings.
3) I vow to learn all dharma teachings.
4) I vow to attain Enlightenment.
산신각(山神閣) : mountain spirit shrine
삼귀의(三歸依) : The Three Refuges.
1) I take refuge in the Buddha
2) I take refuge in the Dharma
3) I take refuge in the Sangha.
삼계(三界) : three realms.
1) realm of desire 2) realm of
form 3) realm of formlessness
삼독(三毒) : three poisons.
1) greed, craving 2) hatred, anger 3) delusion, ignorance
1) greed, craving 2) hatred, anger 3) delusion, ignorance
삼배(三拜) : three prostrations.
삼보(三寶) : three jewels. 1) Buddha
2) Dharma 3) Sangha
삼보사찰(三寶寺刹) : the three jewel monasteries.
1) The Buddha jewel monastery : Tongdosa.
2) The Dharma jewel monastery : Haeinsa.
3) The Sangha jewel monastery : Songgwangsa.
삼법인(三法印) : Three Dharma Seals/ The Three Marks(Attributes/ Characteristics)
of Existence.
1)
impermanence 2) suffering 3) no-self
삼세(三世) : three time period, 1)
past 2) present 3) future.
삼장(三藏) : three pitaka. 1) vinaya 2)
sutra 3) Abhidharma.
삼직 :
three duties
삼악도(三惡道) : three evil worlds(realms, destinies)
1) hell 2) hungry ghost 3) animal
상(相) : characteristic
색(色) : formation
생(生) : birth
생로병사(生老病死) : birth, old age, sickness and death.
석가모니(釋迦牟尼) : Sakyamuni.
서방정토(西方淨土) : The Western Pure Land.
석굴(石窟) : stone cave.
석등(石燈) : stone lantern.
석불(石佛) : stone Buddha statue.
선(禪) : Zen
선가(禪家) : The Zen school.
선덕 :
meditative virtue
선문답(禪門答) : Zen dialogue.
선방(禪房) : Zen hall. Meditation hall.
선불교(禪佛敎) : Zen Buddhism.
선사(禪師) : Zen master.
선사제 :
commemorative service for the previous meditation master of the monastery
선승 :
Zen monk
선열당 :
meal room / reflectory
선원 :
meditation compound
선원(禪院) : Zen center, meditation hall.
설법전(說法殿) : teaching hall.
성불(成佛)하세요! : May you be Enlightened!
성지순례(聖地巡禮) : the pilgrimage.
세간(世間) : world
소승불교(小乘佛敎) : Theravada Buddhism
수(受) : feeling
수계(受戒) : ordination.
수인(手印) : mudra.
수행(修行) : practice. cultivation.
스님(僧) : monk. venerable.
승가(僧家) : Sangha.
시왕(十王) : Ten Kings.
시왕전(十王殿) : The Ten Kings Hall.
시자 :
acolyte
식(識) : consciousness.
신구의(身口意) : body, speech, mind.
신도(信徒) : lay people.
신도 :
lay supporter
신심(信心) : The faith.
심(心) : mind.
십선(十善) : The ten wholesome actions.
No killing. No stealing. No adultery. No lying. No slandering.
No hash speaking. No idle talking. No greed. No hatred. No delusion.
십우도(十牛圖) : The Ten Ox-herding painting
12연기(緣起): Dependent Origination.
18계(界) : The Eighteen Realms.
- 아 -
아귀(餓鬼) : hungry ghost.
아미타불(阿彌陀佛) : Amitabha.
아수라(阿修羅) : Asura. fighting god.
아승지겁(阿僧紙劫) : countless aeon.
안거(安居) : retreat.
암자(庵子) : Hermitage.
약사불(藥師佛) : The Medicine Buddha.
업(業) : Karma. action
여래(如來) : Tathagata. The Buddha.
연기설(緣起說) : The theory of dependent origination.
연등(蓮燈) : lotus lantern.
연비 :
burning of the arm
연지 :
finger burning
열반(涅槃) : Nirvana
염불(念佛) : chanting. reciting.
염주(念珠) : prayer beads. Buddhist rosary.
예불(禮佛) : A Buddhist service. Buddhist ceremony.
예불 :
daily service
오계(五戒) : The Five Precepts.
1)No killing. 2)No
stealing. 3)No sexual misconduct. 4)No lie. 5)No
intoxicants.
오도송(悟道頌) : Enlightenment poem.
오온(五蘊) : The five aggregates.
1) name and formation. 2) feeling.
3) perception. 4) action. 5) consciousness.
와불(臥佛) : Reclining Buddha.
왕생(往生) : transmigration. reborn.
요사(療舍) : Monk's living quarters.
요사채 :
dormitory
요령 :
handbell.
욕(慾) : desire. thirst.
욕계(欲界) : the world of desire.
욕불식 :
Bathing the baby Buddha ceremony
용(龍) : a dragon.
용왕(龍王) : The Dragon King.
운판(雲版) : cloud shaped gong.
운수행각 : pilgrimage
원(願) 원력(願力) : aspiration.
power of vow.
원주스님 : proctor
유나 :
rector
유식(唯識) : consciousness only.
육도(六道) : The six realms.
1) hell beings 2) hungry ghost 3) animals
4) fighting spirits-asuras 5)
human beings 6) heavenly beings
육도윤회(六道輪廻) : The six samsaric destinies.
육바라밀(六婆羅蜜) : six perfections.
(generosity.
morality. patience. energy. meditation. wisdom)
윤회(輪廻) : samsara. cycle of rebirth.
율(律) : vinaya. orders.
율사(律師) : vinaya master.
율장(律藏) : vinaya pitaka.
은사 :
vocation master
응진각(應眞閣) : hall of the Arahat.
"이 뭣고?"
:
What is it? Who am I ?
이기심(利己心) : selfish thoughts.
인(因) : cause. reason.
인가(認可) : recognition.
인과(因果) : cause and effect.
인연(因緣) : karmic affinity/ causes and conditions
인욕(忍辱) : patience.
일심(一心) : One Mind.
일여(一如) : non-duality.
일주문(一柱門) : one pillar gate/ single beam gate
입승 :
succentor
- 자 -
자리이타(自利利他) : by benefitting oneself, one benefits others.
자비(慈悲) : compassion.
자성(自性) : self nature.
자성청정(自性淸淨) : the original purity of one's self nature.
장경각(藏經閣) : the monastery library.
장군죽비 : huge warning stick
장로(長老) : Elder.
장삼(長衫) : ceremonial robe. formal robe.
장엄(莊嚴) : solemnity. sublimity.
장자불와 : never lying down to sleep
재무 :
treasurer
적멸보궁(寂滅寶宮) : Temple that keeps Buddha's reliquary.
전각 :
shrine hall
전계 아사리 : preceptor
(전)등록
: lamp anthologies (Chen-lu)
전법(傳法) : transmission.
전생설화(前生說話) : The Jataka tales
절 : bow.
prostration.
정(定) : samadhi. concentration.
정견(正見) : right understanding / view
정념(正念) : right mindfulness.
정명(正命) : right livelihood.
정사(正思) : right thought.
정어(正語) : right speech.
정업(正業) : right action.
정정(正定) : right concentration.
정정진(正精進) : right effort.
제석(帝釋) : the king of the Heaven.
조계종(曹溪宗) : Chogye Order.
조사(祖師) : patriarch.
조사당(祖師堂) : the hall of patriarchs.
조실 :
guiding teacher
종각(鐘閣) : bell tower
종고루 :
Bell and drum tower
종무소(宗務所) : temple office.
종무소 :
office
종정(宗正) : supreme patriarch.
좌복 :
cushion. seat.
좌선(坐禪) : sitting meditation.
주지(主旨) : abbot.
죽비(竹篦) :
Chukbi/ bamboo clapper.
중강 :
assistant
중도(中道) : middle path.
중음(中陰) : intermediate stage/ state.
증사 :
witness
지옥(地獄) : hell.
지장보살(地藏菩薩) : Ksitigarbha, Earth Store Bodhisattva.
지장전(地藏殿) : Ksitigarbha hall. Hall of the hell.
지전 스님 : verger
지혜(智慧) : wisdom.
직세 스님 : proctor
집착(執着) : attachment.
- 차 -
찰나(刹那) : an instant.
참선(參禪) : Zen meditation
천상천하 유아독존 : In heaven and on earth, I alone am foremost.
천태종(天台宗) : T'ient'ai sect.
청신남(淸信男) : a male Buddhist.
청신녀(淸信女) : a female Buddhist.
청중 :
disciplinarian
초발심자경문 : Admonitions to Beginners
촉(觸) : touch. contact.
촛대 :
candle holder
총림(叢林) : monastic teaching center.
총무 :
prior
총무원(總務院) : Headquarters of the Order.
축원 :
supplication
축원을 하다 : chant a supplication, recite
a (special) prayer
출가(出家) : renunciation.
취(取) : grasp.
치(恥) : ignorance/ delusion
치문경훈 : the Adminitions to the Gray-robed Monks
칠보(七寶) : the seven precious gems.
칠성각(七星閣) : shrine hall of the Seven stars(Big Dipper)
- 타 -
탐(貪) : greed.
탑(塔) : stupa. pagoda.
탱화(幀畵) : Buddhist wall painting.
- 파 -
파계(破戒) : breaking the precepts.
팔고(八苦) : eight sufferings.
(Suffering of birth, old age, sickness, death,
being apart with the loved ones,
together with the despised ones,
not
getting what want, flourishing of the body.)
팔상도(八相圖) : pictures of the eight main events of the Buddha's life.
팔만대장경(八萬大藏經) : Tipitaka Koreana.
팔상전(八相殿) : hall of eight pictures
팔정도(八正道) : Noble Eightfold Path.
(right view, right thought, right
speech, right action,
right livelihood, right effort, right
mindfulness, right concentration.)
포교(布敎) : preaching, propagation.
포교당(布敎堂) : Buddhist center/ missionary center
포살(布薩) : confession
피안(彼岸) : nirvana/ other shore
풍경(風磬) : wind bell.
풍수지리(風水地理) : geomancy.
- 하 -
하심(下心) : humble minded.
하안거(夏安居) : summer retreat season.
합장(合掌) : palms together
항하(恒河) : the Ganges river in India.
해우소 :
toilet
해인도 :
ocean-seal chart
해제 기간 : free season
해탈문(解脫門) : gate of the Liberation
행(行) : karma. action.
행자(行者) : postulant
행정승:
office monks
행주좌와(行住坐臥) walking, standing, sitting, lying.
향로(香爐) incense burner.
향로:
incense holder
헌향(獻香) : offering an incense.
현교(顯敎) : Exoteric Buddhism
혜안(慧眼) : the eye of wisdom.
호국불교(護國佛敎) : Buddhism for national protection.
호법장군 : dharma-general
화(化) : transformation.
화두 :
critical phrase
화신(化身) : transformed body.
화엄경(華嚴經) : Flower Garland Sutra.
환속(還俗) : returning to lay life. secession from the order
환속하다 : secede from the order
후불탱화(後佛幀畵) : main platform painting.
후원 :
reflectory
삼법인(三法印) : The
Three Seals of Existence
제행무상(諸行無常)
|
All compounded
things are impermanent
|
제법무아(諸法無我)
|
All Dharmas are
without self-nature
|
일체개고(一切皆苦)
|
All things are
suffering
|
열반적정(涅槃寂靜) – Nirvana is perfect
stillness <사법인(四法印) The Four
Seals of Existence>
삼보 (三寶) : Three Treasures of Buddhism
佛寶
|
The Treasure of Buddha
|
法寶
|
The Treasure of Dharma
|
僧寶
|
The Treasure of Sangha
|
삼승(三乘) 불교 분류 : The
Divisions of Buddhism
소승불교(小乘佛敎)
|
Hinayana Buddhism
|
대승불교(大乘佛敎)
|
Mahayana Buddhism
|
선불교 (禪佛敎)
|
Zen Buddhism
|
삼악도 (三惡道) : Three Ways of Bad Samsara
★ 지옥
(Hell), 아귀
(Demons, Hungry ghosts), 축생 (Animals)
삼학 (三學) : Three Kinds of Practice
계학(戒學)
|
Precepts ( Sila )
|
정학(政學)
|
Meditation ( Samadhi
)
|
혜학(慧學)
|
Wisdom ( Prajna )
|
성문 사과 (聲聞 四果) : 소승불교에서 수행자들이 얻는 네가지 과보
수다원과(須陀洹果)
|
入流
(Streamwinner)
|
사다함과(斯陀含果)
|
一往來
(Once Returner)
|
아나함과(阿那含果)
|
不來
(Never Returner)
|
아라한과(阿羅漢果)
|
해탈경지
(Arhat)
|
아뇩다라삼막삼보리(阿耨多羅三藐三菩提)
: 산스크리트어 anuttara-samyak-sambodhi
오온 (五蘊) : 불교에서 보는 인간의 구성 모습 (蘊=쌓임, 무더기, 덩어리)
색온(色蘊)
|
물질의 무더기 --- >
물질의 형체
|
Form
|
수온(受蘊)
|
느낌의 무더기 --- >
감각작용
|
Feeling
|
상온(想蘊)
|
표상의 무더기 --- >
사고작용
|
Perception
|
행온(行蘊)
|
의지, 행동의 무더기 --- >
의지작용
|
Action
|
식온(識蘊)
|
의식의 무더기 --- >
인식작용
|
Consciousness
|
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